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Abbé Fulbert Youlou (9 June,〔In ''African Powder Keg: Revolt and Dissent in Six Emergent Nations'', author Ronald Matthews lists Youlou's date of birth as 9 June 1917. This date is also listed in ''Annuaire parlementaire des États d'Afrique noire, Députés et conseillers économiques des républiques d'expression française'' (1962). ; .〕 17 June 〔In ''Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African-American Experience'', Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and K. Anthony Appiah list Youlou's date of birth as 17 June 1917. .〕 or 9 July 1917〔The ''Encyclopedia of World Biography'' by Gale Research Company lists Youlou's date of birth as 19 July 1917. .〕 – 6 May 1972) was a laicized Brazzaville-Congolese Roman Catholic priest, nationalist leader and politician, who became the first President of Congo-Brazzaville on its independence. Abbé Fulbert Youlou was one of the most controversial people in Congo-Brazzaville, to the point that for decades he was subject to anathema in his country. However, from the beginning, "Abbé" was viewed by his fellow citizens as a sort of man sent by providence. In August 1960, he led his country into independence. In December 1960 he organised a major intercontinental conference in Brazzaville, in the course of which he praised the advantages of economic liberalism and condemned communism. Three years later, economic prosperity has still not been achieved, but the government had slipped into insolent pomp.〔Rémy Boutet, ''Les trois glorieuses ou la chute de Fulbert Youlou'', Éditions Chaka, Collection Afrique contemporaine, 1990, p.62〕 Youlou had disappointed the "moderates". His decision to impose a single party system and imprison union leaders in August 1963 was the key factor leading to the revolution of the "Trois Glorieuses." Charles de Gaulle despised him and France refused to assist him.〔 Almost completely isolated, the old priest resigned from power, leaving behind a reputation for eccentricity, authoritarianism and corruption. == Youth and Ordination == Youlou whose last name means "Grape" in Lari,〔.〕 was born on 9 June 1917〔''Annuaire parlementaire des États d'Afrique noire, Députés et conseillers économiques des républiques d'expression française'', Annuaire Afrique, 1962, p. 152〕 in Madibou in Pool.〔Rémy Boutet, ''op. cit.'' p.21〕 A younger child in a family of three boys,〔Rémy Boutet. ''op. cit.'' p.45〕 he was a Lari of the Kongo.〔 At nine years old, he was baptised and received the Christian name Fulbert.〔〔.〕 In 1929 he entered the Petit Séminaire of Brazzaville.〔 A brilliant student, he was sent to Akono in Cameroon, to complete his secondary studies.〔 After this, he entered the Grand Séminaire of Yaoundé where he seemed to show great talent for philosophy.〔 Here he met Barthélemy Boganda, the future nationalist leader of Oubangui-Chari and the first president of the Central African Republic but also Andre-Marie Mbida, Cameroon's first head of state.〔 Returning to the country, he taught at the Seminary in Mbamou before travelling to Libreville to complete his theological studies.〔 He completed his final cycle of studies in Brazzaville.〔 Fulbert Youlou was ordained as a priest on 9 June 1946〔〔Rémy Boutet. ''op. cit.'' p.46〕 or in 1949.〔.〕 He was assigned to the parish of Saint-François de Brazzaville where he directed several youth organisations, sporting activities, catholic groups very dynamically.〔 He also took charge of the chaplaincy of the general hospital and the prison.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fulbert Youlou」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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